Different components at a given node are connected by pushing in a corresponding end of each component into holes connected to the same node. The holes connected by a same metal strip form one common node in a circuit. The backside of the bread board, Figure 1 – 1 (b), has strips of metal connecting the holes on the front side. A typical breadboard is shown in Figure 1 – 1. It has many holes, which can be used to plug in resistors, capacitors, inductors, ICs, and etc. It is used to build temporary circuits for testing or to experiment new circuit ideas. BreadboardĪ breadboard is also referred to as a solderless breadboard or a plugboard. In addition, the voltage divider rule and the current divider rule are often applied to simplify the circuit analysis. These laws are Ohm’s law, KCL (Kirchhoff’s current law or Kirchhoff’s first law) and KVL (Kirchhoff’s voltage law or Kirchhoff’s second law). There are basic concepts and laws that are fundamental to circuit analysis. A DC circuit is usually powered by a DC voltage source or a DC current source. The voltages and currents in this circuit are invariant with time, in other words, constant. To understand the valid measurement condition for a digital multimeter.Ī DC circuit is an electrical circuit that consists of any combination of constant voltage sources, constant current sources and resistors.To use a digital multimeter (DMM) to measure DC voltage, current and resistance.To understand the basics of DC (direct current) circuits.
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